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Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. The composition of sanitary pads directly affects their comfort, absorbency, and safety.

Core Absorbent Materials

The primary absorbent component in most sanitary pads is a combination of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Wood pulp provides immediate liquid absorption, while SAP can absorb and retain many times its weight in fluid. The ratio of these materials determines the pad’s absorbency level.

Top Sheet Materials

The top layer that comes in contact with the skin is typically made from:

• Non-woven polypropylene – soft and breathable
• Perforated film – provides a dry surface feel
• Cotton-based materials – for premium organic products

Back Sheet Components

The waterproof backing is usually composed of:

• Polyethylene film – prevents leakage
• Breathable microporous films – for enhanced comfort
• Biodegradable materials – in eco-friendly alternatives

Adhesive Systems

Sanitary pads incorporate several adhesive types:

• Hot melt adhesives for core stabilization
• Pressure-sensitive adhesives for wing attachment
• Skin-friendly adhesives for pad attachment to underwear

Additional Components

Modern sanitary pads may also include:

• Odor control agents like activated charcoal
• Aloe vera or chamomile for skin soothing
• Antibacterial treatments for enhanced hygiene

Material Properties and Performance

The selection of raw materials determines key performance characteristics:

• Absorbency rate: How quickly fluid is drawn away from the surface
• Retention capacity: Ability to hold fluid under pressure
• Breathability: Air circulation to reduce skin irritation
• Softness: Comfort during wear
• Biodegradability: Environmental impact considerations

Manufacturers continually innovate with new materials to improve performance while addressing environmental concerns. Recent developments include plant-based SAP alternatives and fully compostable pad constructions.