# Crystalline Maltitol: Properties and Applications

## Introduction to Crystalline Maltitol

Crystalline maltitol is a sugar alcohol commonly used as a sugar substitute in various food products. With its sweet taste and low glycemic index, it has become a popular choice for manufacturers looking to create reduced-sugar or sugar-free alternatives.

## Chemical and Physical Properties

Maltitol crystallizes in a white, odorless powder form with the following characteristics:

– Molecular formula: C12H24O11

– Sweetness: Approximately 90% as sweet as sucrose
– Caloric value: 2.1 kcal/g (compared to 4 kcal/g for sugar)
– Solubility: Highly soluble in water
– Melting point: 145-150°C
– Hygroscopicity: Lower than other polyols

## Manufacturing Process

The production of crystalline maltitol involves several steps:

1. Extraction of starch from corn or wheat
2. Enzymatic hydrolysis to produce maltose syrup
3. Hydrogenation of maltose under high pressure
4. Crystallization and purification
5. Drying and packaging

## Applications in Food Industry

### Confectionery Products

Crystalline maltitol is widely used in sugar-free candies, chocolates, and chewing gums due to its:

– Similar texture to sucrose
– Good heat stability
– Non-cariogenic properties

### Baked Goods

In bakery applications, maltitol offers:

– Bulk similar to sugar
– Browning capability
– Moisture retention properties

### Pharmaceutical Applications

The pharmaceutical industry utilizes crystalline maltitol for:

– Sugar-free syrups
– Tablet coatings
– Lozenges and chewable tablets

## Health Benefits and Considerations

### Advantages

– Lower glycemic response compared to sugar
– Reduced caloric content
– Tooth-friendly properties
– Suitable for diabetics when consumed in moderation

### Potential Side Effects

Like other polyols, excessive consumption may cause:

– Gastrointestinal discomfort
– Laxative effects
– Bloating in sensitive individuals

## Regulatory Status

Crystalline maltitol is approved as a food additive in:

– European Union (E-number E965)
– United States (GRAS status)
– Japan and many other countries

## Storage and Handling

For optimal quality maintenance:

– Store in cool, dry conditions
– Keep containers tightly sealed
– Avoid exposure to high humidity
– Shelf life typically 24 months when stored properly

## Future Prospects

The demand for crystalline maltitol is expected to grow due to:

– Increasing health consciousness
– Rising diabetic population
– Expansion of sugar-free product lines
– Technological advancements in production

As food manufacturers continue to seek healthier alternatives to sugar, crystalline maltitol remains a versatile and functional ingredient with numerous applications across various industries.